endocrine:drugs:betamethasone []

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====== Betamethasone ======

===== Classification =====
  * Long-acting systemic glucocorticoid
  * High-potency corticosteroid
  * No mineralocorticoid activity

Parent class:
  * [[endocrine:drug_classes:corticosteroids|Corticosteroids]]

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===== Mechanism of Action =====

Binds intracellular glucocorticoid receptors → alters gene transcription → strong suppression of inflammatory cytokines and eicosanoid production.

See:
  * [[endocrine:physiology:glucocorticoid_signaling|Glucocorticoid Signaling Pathway]]

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===== Pharmacologic Characteristics =====

  * Very high glucocorticoid potency
  * Long duration (36–72 hours)
  * No sodium-retaining activity
  * Strong HPA suppression with prolonged use

Chemically similar to [[endocrine:drugs:dexamethasone|Dexamethasone]].

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===== Formulations =====

  * IM injection
  * Topical (various potency preparations)

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===== Clinical Uses =====

Systemic:
  * Fetal lung maturation (antenatal therapy)
  * Severe inflammatory conditions

Topical:
  * [[dermatology:clinical:atopic_dermatitis|Dermatitis]]
  * Psoriasis

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===== Adverse Effects =====

Systemic:
  * Hyperglycemia
  * Mood changes
  * Immunosuppression
  * HPA suppression

Topical:
  * Skin atrophy
  * Telangiectasia
  * Striae

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===== Clinical Pearls =====

  * Commonly used in obstetrics for fetal lung maturation.
  * Long-acting and highly potent.
  * No mineralocorticoid activity.
  * Strong adrenal suppression risk if used chronically.