Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

--- cardio:heart_failure:start [2026/02/13 00:01] – [**HFpEF**] andrew2393cns
+++ cardio:heart_failure:start [2026/02/13 18:00] (current) – [Diuretics (Symptom Control)] andrew2393cns
@@ Line 69: / Line 69: @@
 --------------------------------------------------------------------
+==== Remodeling Prevention ====
+Chronic neurohormonal activation causes:
+  * • LV dilation
+  * • Fibrosis
+  * • Progressive decline in EF
+GDMT prevents remodeling.
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ Line 77: / Line 88: @@
 All patients with HFrEF should receive:
-. [[cardio:raas:arni|ARNI]] (preferred) OR [[cardio:raas:acei|ACE Inhibitor]] OR [[cardio:raas:arb|ARB]]
+  - 1. [[cardio:raas:arni|ARNI]] (preferred) OR [[cardio:raas:acei|ACE Inhibitor]] OR [[cardio:raas:arb|ARB]]
-. [[cardio:beta_blockers:start|Evidence-Based Beta-Blocker]]
+  - 2. [[cardio:beta_blockers:start|Evidence-Based Beta-Blocker]]
-. [[cardio:hf:mra|Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist]]
+  - 3. [[cardio:hf:mra|Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist]]
-. [[endocrine:sglt2:start|SGLT2 Inhibitor]]
+  - 4. [[endocrine:sglt2:start|SGLT2 Inhibitor]]
 These therapies reduce mortality and hospitalization.
---------------------------------------------------------------------
+----
 ==== RAAS Inhibition ====
@@ Line 177: / Line 187: @@
 Used for congestion relief:
-• [[cardio:diuretics:furosemide|Furosemide]]
+  * • [[cardio:diuretics:furosemide|Furosemide]]
-• [[cardio:diuretics:torsemide|Torsemide]]
+  * • [[cardio:diuretics:torsemide|Torsemide]]
 Effect:
-• ↓ Preload
+  * • ↓ Preload
-• ↓ Pulmonary edema
+  * • ↓ Pulmonary edema
-• Symptom improvement only
+  * • Symptom improvement only
 --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ Line 196: / Line 206: @@
 Management focuses on:
-• Blood pressure control
+  * • Blood pressure control
-• Diuretics for congestion
+  * • Diuretics for congestion
-• Treating atrial fibrillation
+  * • Treating atrial fibrillation
-• Managing ischemia
+  * • Managing ischemia
 --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ Line 207: / Line 217: @@
 ===== **Acute Decompensated Heart Failure** =====
-===== Pulmonary Edema =====
+==== Pulmonary Edema ====
 • [[cardio:diuretics:furosemide|IV Loop Diuretics]]
@@ Line 229: / Line 239: @@
 --------------------------------------------------------------------
-==== Remodeling Prevention ====
-Chronic neurohormonal activation causes:
-• LV dilation
-• Fibrosis
-• Progressive decline in EF
-GDMT prevents remodeling.
---------------------------------------------------------------------
 ==== Clinical Pearls ====
-✔ Heart failure is a neurohormonal disease
+  * ✔ Heart failure is a neurohormonal disease
-✔ Diuretics improve symptoms, not survival
+  * ✔ Diuretics improve symptoms, not survival
-✔ Four pillars reduce mortality
+  * ✔ Four pillars reduce mortality
-✔ Only specific beta-blockers reduce mortality
+  * ✔ Only specific beta-blockers reduce mortality
-✔ SGLT2 inhibitors benefit even non-diabetics
+  * ✔ SGLT2 inhibitors benefit even non-diabetics
-✔ Start low, titrate slowly
+  * ✔ Start low, titrate slowly
 --------------------------------------------------------------------